What is Orthostatic Hypotension?
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a sudden drop in blood pressure when moving from lying down to sitting or standing.
- A drop in systolic blood pressure (top number) by 20 or more, or
- A drop in diastolic blood pressure (bottom number) by 10 or more
What Causes Orthostatic Hypotension?
Normally, your body adjusts your blood pressure when you move. After an injury or with certain medical conditions, blood vessels and reflexes may not adjust properly. Blood can pool in your legs or abdomen, reducing blood flow to your brain.
Signs and Symptoms:
These symptoms can differ from person to person, but may include:
- Dizziness or light-headedness
- Fatigue or weakness
- Blurred vision
- Nausea and/or vomiting
- Fleeing hot and clammy
- Ringing in ears
- Fainting
How to Respond
If you feel symptoms of OH:
- Stop what you are doing and ask for assistance if you feel unsafe or unsteady
- Sit or lie down immediately
- If symptoms do not resolve, have someone help raise your legs above your head if possible to help return blood flow to your brain
- Have someone check/monitor your blood pressure if able
- As symptoms resolve, move slowly when returning to sitting or standing again
How to Manage OH
- Notify your healthcare provider of your symptoms as soon as possible
- Review your medications with your provider and take medication only as prescribed
- Move slowly: Sit for 1-3 minutes on the edge of the bed or chair before standing
- Do not stand or walk if you feel dizzy
- Wear compression garments (stockings, abdominal binder) if recommended
- Stay hydrated, unless you have been told to limit fluid intake
- Follow your healthcare provider’s guidance
Orthostatic hypotension can often be managed with awareness and simple safety strategies, but symptoms should always be taken seriously. Be sure to report any dizziness, light-headedness, or fainting to your healthcare provider, as adjustments may be needed. Please ask your healthcare team any questions about symptoms, prevention, or safe mobility.